Bernese Mountain Dog health
Health Guide

Bernese Mountain Dog Health Problems & Prevention

Common health issues, symptoms to watch for, and how to keep your Bernese Mountain Dog healthy.

Life Expectancy
7-8 years

Common Bernese Mountain Dog Health Problems

Based on veterinary research and breed health studies

Histiocytic Sarcoma (Malignant Histiocytosis): Affects up to 25% of the breed; accounts for ~50% of all cancer deaths prevalence

Abnormal cell growth that can affect various organs, more common in certain breeds and older dogs.

Symptoms to Watch For

  • Unusual lumps or bumps
  • Unexplained weight loss
  • Loss of appetite
  • Lethargy or weakness

Prevention Tips

  • Regular vet checkups
  • Monitor for lumps
  • Spay/neuter may reduce some risks
  • Healthy diet and lifestyle
Hip Dysplasia:16.1% are dysplastic prevalence

A genetic condition where the hip joint doesn't develop properly, causing the ball and socket to grind instead of sliding smoothly.

Symptoms to Watch For

  • Limping or bunny-hopping gait
  • Difficulty rising or jumping
  • Reduced activity or reluctance to exercise
  • Loss of muscle mass in hind legs

Prevention Tips

  • Maintain healthy weight
  • Avoid over-exercising puppies
  • Use joint supplements (glucosamine)
  • Choose reputable breeders with hip-tested parents
Elbow Dysplasia: Often cited around 28% prevalence

Abnormal development of the elbow joint, often genetic, leading to arthritis and lameness.

Symptoms to Watch For

  • Front leg lameness
  • Swelling around elbow
  • Reduced range of motion
  • Reluctance to play or exercise

Prevention Tips

  • Controlled growth rate in puppies
  • Avoid jumping/stairs for young dogs
  • Maintain ideal body weight
  • Genetic screening before breeding
Gastric Dilatation-Volvulus (Bloat): High risk due to deep chest depth prevalence

A health condition that may affect some Bernese Mountain Dogs based on owner reports.

Symptoms to Watch For

  • Behavioral changes
  • Physical discomfort
  • Changes in appetite or activity

Prevention Tips

  • Regular vet checkups
  • Maintain healthy lifestyle
  • Early detection through monitoring
Degenerative Myelopathy (DM): Genetic carriers are common prevalence

A health condition that may affect some Bernese Mountain Dogs based on owner reports.

Symptoms to Watch For

  • Behavioral changes
  • Physical discomfort
  • Changes in appetite or activity

Prevention Tips

  • Regular vet checkups
  • Maintain healthy lifestyle
  • Early detection through monitoring

Recommended Genetic Tests

Ask breeders for these health clearances before purchasing a puppy

Genetic risk test (Antagene) for Histiocytic Sarcoma
CHIC numbers including hips, elbows, eyes (CERF), cardiac, and Von Willebrand’s Disease (vWD)
DNA testing of parents for Degenerative Myelopathy
Prophylactic gastropexy (stomach tacking) for Bloat
Reputable breeders should provide documentation for all genetic tests. Never purchase a puppy without seeing health clearances.

Bernese Mountain Dogs may be prone to:

General Health Concerns

Regular vet visits help catch issues early

Bernese Mountain Dog Health Timeline

What to focus on at each life stage to keep your Bernese Mountain Dog healthy.

Puppy

0-1 year

  • Complete vaccination series
  • Spay/neuter discussion with vet
  • Socialization and training foundation
  • Deworming and parasite prevention
  • Establish dental care routine
Vet Visits:

Every 3-4 weeks until 16 weeks, then at 6 and 12 months

Adult

1-7 years

  • Annual wellness exams and vaccinations
  • Dental cleaning as needed
  • Maintain healthy weight
  • Watch for early signs of breed-specific conditions
  • Regular heartworm and flea prevention
Vet Visits:

Annually, more often if concerns arise

Senior

7+ years

  • Bi-annual wellness exams
  • Blood work and organ function screening
  • Joint supplements and pain management
  • Adjust diet for senior needs
  • Watch for common age-related conditions in Bernese Mountain Dogs
Vet Visits:

Every 6 months, with comprehensive bloodwork annually

Questions to Ask Your Vet About Bernese Mountain Dogs

1

What breed-specific health screenings do you recommend?

2

Are there any genetic tests available for common Bernese Mountain Dog conditions?

3

What's the ideal weight range for my Bernese Mountain Dog?

4

When should we start joint supplements or senior care?

5

What early warning signs should I watch for based on the breed's health profile?

6

Do you recommend pet insurance for Bernese Mountain Dogs?

Frequently Asked Questions

What are the most common health issues in Bernese Mountain Dogs?
Bernese Mountain Dogs are generally healthy dogs, but like all breeds, they may be prone to certain genetic conditions. Regular vet checkups are recommended for early detection.
How long do Bernese Mountain Dogs typically live?
Bernese Mountain Dogs have an average lifespan of 7-8 years. Factors that can extend lifespan include: maintaining a healthy weight, regular exercise, quality nutrition, preventive healthcare, and addressing breed-specific health concerns early.
Are Bernese Mountain Dogs prone to allergies?
Like many breeds, Bernese Mountain Dogs can develop allergies to food, environmental factors, or medications. Watch for symptoms like itching, digestive issues, or skin problems and consult your vet.
How often should I take my Bernese Mountain Dog to the vet?
Puppies: Every 3-4 weeks until 16 weeks old for vaccinations. Adults (1-5 years): Annual wellness exams. Seniors (5+ years): Every 6 months with bloodwork. Bernese Mountain Dogs with known health conditions may need more frequent visits.
Should I get pet insurance for my Bernese Mountain Dog?
Pet insurance is recommended for all breeds as emergency vet care can cost thousands of dollars. The younger you insure your Bernese Mountain Dog, the better the rates and coverage options.

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