Jack Russell Terrier vs Newfoundland
A side-by-side comparison to help you find the right breed for your lifestyle.
Jack Russell Terrier
Also known as: JRT, Jack, Parson Russell Terrier (show variant), Russell Terrier (shorty)
The Jack Russell Terrier is a compact, athletic terrier originally developed for fox hunting in 19th-century England. Behind the cute appearance lies a high-octane hunting machine with relentless energy, intense prey drive, and an independent streak that challenges even experienced owners. This breed requires dedicated daily exercise and stimulation to thrive.
Small
High
12.7-16 yrs
25-38 cm
Newfoundland
Also known as: Newf, Newfie, Gentle Giant
The Newfoundland is a giant, gentle breed renowned for its impressive strength, thick water-resistant coat, and remarkable swimming ability. Bred to haul fishing nets and pull carts in the freezing North Atlantic, they're often called 'gentle giants' and are famous as 'nanny dogs' for their patient nature with children. But be prepared: a 150lb dog with separation anxiety can destroy drywall in minutes, and the slobber reaches ceilings.
Extra Large
Medium
9-10 yrs
66-71 cm
55-80 kg
Quick Comparison
| Trait | Jack Russell Terrier | Newfoundland |
|---|---|---|
| Energy | ||
| Trainability | ||
| Grooming Needs | ||
| Family Friendly | ||
| Independence |
Key Characteristics
| Good with Kids | ||
| Good with Dogs | ||
| Good with Cats | ||
| Hypoallergenic | ||
| Apartment Friendly | ||
| First-Time Owner OK |
| Detail | Jack Russell Terrier | Newfoundland |
|---|---|---|
| Size | Small | Extra Large |
| Energy Level | High | Medium |
| Grooming | High | High |
| Trainability | challenging | Moderate |
| Barking Level | High | Low |
| Shedding Level | High | High |
| Chew strength | Moderate | Moderate |
| Housing | Yard | Yard |
Owner Fit & Decision Guide
Owner Match
| Trait | Jack Russell Terrier | Newfoundland |
|---|---|---|
| Experience Level | Advanced | Beginner (temperament) but Advanced (logistics/finances) |
| First-Time Owner | ||
| Ideal Owner | Active individual or couple with secure fenced yard, experience with terrier temperaments, no small pets, willing to provide intense daily exercise and mental stimulation. Rural setting or large property ideal. | Someone with a house and yard, works from home or flexible schedule, tolerant of slobber/hair/mess, financially prepared for giant breed costs, has or can get large vehicle for transport, and ideally has mentor or professional trainer for first-time giant breed ownership. |
Jack Russell Terrier Dealbreakers
- Sedentary lifestyle
- Apartment living without athletic dedication
- Own small pets (rabbits, hamsters, birds)
- Want a calm lapdog
- Cannot commit to 90+ minutes daily exercise
Newfoundland Dealbreakers
- Tight budget - if $3,000 vet bill is a disaster
- Clean freak - cannot have pristine home with a Newfie
- Tiny living space - they take up physical floor space
- Hot climate without AC
- Unable to physically manage a 150lb dog
Surrender Risk
| Factor | Jack Russell Terrier | Newfoundland |
|---|---|---|
| Risk Level | High | Medium |
| Primary Reasons | Behavioral issues (biting, aggression toward other animals), Energy level incompatibility - too much for most households, Cute puppy → high energy adolescent → destructive behavior → surrender at 1-2 years | 'He got too big' - owners underestimate reality of 150lb dog in a hallway, Medical costs - giant breed vet bills are shocking to unprepared owners, Grooming/mess - drool and hair become unmanageable for some |
Temperament & Personality
Behavior Comparison
| Trait | Jack Russell Terrier | Newfoundland |
|---|---|---|
| Prey Drive | ||
| Watchdog Ability | ||
| Stranger Friendly | ||
| Drool Level | ||
| Wanderlust |
Vocalization
| Trait | Jack Russell Terrier | Newfoundland |
|---|---|---|
| Barking Level | High | Low |
| Howling Tendency | ||
| Whining Tendency | High | Low |
| Separation Vocalization |
Safety & Reliability
| Trait | Jack Russell Terrier | Newfoundland |
|---|---|---|
| Escape Artist | ||
| Dog Park Suitable | ||
| Off-Leash Reliable | ||
| Small Animal Safe | ||
| Leash Reactivity | ||
| Resource Guarding Risk | Moderate to High | Low |
Jack Russell Terrier Social Traits
Low
High - same-sex aggression is major management issue; often exhibits Napoleon Syndrome challenging dogs ten times their size
Newfoundland Social Traits
None
Generally low - tolerant of other dogs. Same-sex aggression rare but can occur in intact males.
Training
Jack Russell Terrier
- Keep sessions short, varied, and fun - they check out with repetition
- Use high-value food rewards - this is your primary training lever
- Off-leash activities only in securely fenced areas
- Channel prey drive into structured games like flirt pole
Newfoundland
- Start training early while they're still manageable size
- Use social connection and food as motivators
- Harsh methods cause them to shut down completely
- Be consistent - a giant dog that ignores commands is dangerous
Jack Russell Terrier Considerations
Hardwired to hunt vermin and bolt foxes. Poses a lethal threat to hamsters, guinea pigs, rabbits, and birds. Most cannot be trusted with cats unless raised together from puppyhood.
Notorious for intolerance toward dogs of the same sex. Can coexist peacefully for years, then a sudden vicious fight requiring permanent separation. Typically manifests at 18-24 months.
When under-stimulated, will dismantle gardens or bark incessantly at falling leaves. This is the breed's work ethic manifesting without a job to do.
Can climb chain-link fences, dig under walls, and squeeze through impossibly small gaps. Standard backyard fencing is often insufficient containment.
Newfoundland Considerations
Newfoundlands were bred to work closely with fishermen and do not tolerate isolation well. A 150lb dog with separation anxiety can destroy drywall, doors, and furniture in minutes. They need someone home most of the time.
This is non-negotiable. Loose jowls trap saliva - when they shake their heads, 'slobber strings' reach ceilings, walls, and guests. If you're house-proud or easily grossed out, this breed is incompatible with your lifestyle.
Between 6-18 months, they're large, clumsy, and energetic with no body awareness. They accidentally injure children or elderly owners simply by bumping into them. A puppy growing 10lbs/month is logistically immense.
Everything costs 2-3x more: $100-150/month food, $100-250/month insurance, medications priced by weight. If a $3,000 vet bill is a disaster, do not get this breed.
Multi-Species Compatibility
| Species | Jack Russell Terrier | Newfoundland |
|---|---|---|
| With Cats | Generally unsafe - prey drive makes them a risk; some raised with cats from puppyhood may tolerate them, but a running cat triggers chase-to-kill sequence | High safety - one of the safest giant breeds for multi-pet homes. Drive is 'chase to play' not 'chase to kill.' |
| Small Mammals | Unsafe - bred to kill rodents; a hamster in a cage is torment to a JRT | Generally safe, but supervise due to size difference |
| Birds / Reptiles | Unsafe - movement triggers predatory reflex instantly | Generally safe with livestock but may accidentally squash chickens trying to play |
Advanced Behavior
| Trait | Jack Russell Terrier | Newfoundland |
|---|---|---|
| Predatory Sequence Risk | Full | Arrested |
| Biddability | Low | High |
| Noise Sensitivity | Low | Low |
| Territorial Barking | ||
| Same-Sex Aggression Onset | 20 months | N/A |
Jack Russell Terrier: Complete predatory sequence: Orient -> Eye -> Stalk -> Chase -> Grab-Bite -> Kill-Bite. Unlike Border Collie (arrested at Chase), JRT completes the sequence - dangerous to small animals. High intelligence but low biddability - asks 'what's in it for me?' rather than eager to please.
Newfoundland: Predatory sequence arrested at Eye -> Stalk -> Chase. The 'Grab-Bite' and 'Kill-Bite' are largely inhibited - they may chase a cat but usually just want to sniff or lick it. They are 'protection by presence' dogs - more likely to hold an intruder down or block them than bite. They assess before acting ('Newfie time') rather than responding robotically.
First Year & Life Stages
First Year Challenges
| Challenge | Jack Russell Terrier | Newfoundland |
|---|---|---|
| Puppy Difficulty | ||
| Destructive Phase | 6-24 | 6-18 |
| House Training | Medium | Easy |
| Crate Training | High | Medium |
| Adolescent Regression |
Jack Russell Terrier: Unlike a Golden who might chew a shoe, a JRT puppy is a relentless motion machine that bites, chases, and digs. Requires constant supervision. Crate training essential to save baseboards and furniture.
Newfoundland: Temperamentally sweet but logistically immense. Puppy grows 10lbs/month. 'Land shark' biting on a giant breed HURTS. Joint protection is demanding - no stairs, no jumping until 2 years. Must solidify leash manners before they reach 50lbs.
Life Stages Timeline
| Stage | Jack Russell Terrier | Newfoundland |
|---|---|---|
| Puppy Phase | 12 months | 24 months |
| Adolescence | 12-24 | 6-18 |
| Adult Years | 2-9 | 2-7 |
| Senior Onset | ~10 years | ~7 years |
| Peak Energy Age | 1-3 years | 1-3 years |
Size & Physical Characteristics
Physical Stats
| Measurement | Jack Russell Terrier | Newfoundland |
|---|---|---|
| Height | 25-38 cm | 66-71 cm |
| Weight | Not enough data yet | Not enough data yet |
| Size Category | Small | Extra Large |
| Lifespan | 13–16 years | 9–10 years |
| Litter Size | 5-6 | 6-10 |
Jack Russell Terrier Coat
Newfoundland Coat
Lineage & Origin
| Detail | Jack Russell Terrier | Newfoundland |
|---|---|---|
| Original Purpose | Bolting foxes from dens and hunting vermin; bred for tenacity and voice (barking at quarry) | Hauling fishing nets in freezing North Atlantic waters and pulling carts of catch - the 'St. Bernard of the Water' |
| Origin | Devon, England, mid-1800s by Reverend John 'Jack' Russell | Newfoundland, Canada - bred for immense strength, water-resistant coat, webbed feet, and gentle disposition |
Breeding Details
| Detail | Jack Russell Terrier | Newfoundland |
|---|---|---|
| C-Section Rate | Low | Low |
| Whelping Difficulty | Easy | Medium |
| Puppy Mortality Rate | Low | Low |
Physical Risks
| Risk | Jack Russell Terrier | Newfoundland |
|---|---|---|
| Bloat / GDV Risk | Low | High |
| Slippery Floor Risk | Low | High |
| Min Fence Height | 1.8m | 1.5m |
| Dig / Escape Risk | High | Low |
Health & Common Conditions
Jack Russell Terrier Health Issues
Newfoundland Health Issues
Jack Russell Terrier Suggested Tests
- PLL (ADAMTS17) DNA test
- SCA (Spinocerebellar Ataxia) DNA test
- LOA (Late Onset Ataxia) DNA test
- BAER hearing test
- Patellar evaluation
- Ophthalmologist evaluation
Newfoundland Suggested Tests
- Cardiac (Cardiologist Echo) - CHIC required
- Hips (OFA or PennHIP) - CHIC required
- Elbows X-rays - CHIC required
- Cystinuria DNA test - CHIC required
Health Risk Overview
| Risk Factor | Jack Russell Terrier | Newfoundland |
|---|---|---|
| Cancer Risk | Low | Medium |
| Cardiac Risk | Low | Very High |
| Neurological Risk | Medium | Low |
| CCL/ACL Tear Risk | Low | High |
| Vet Burden Tier | Medium | Very High |
Sensitivities & Allergies
| Sensitivity | Jack Russell Terrier | Newfoundland |
|---|---|---|
| Skin Allergies | ||
| Environmental Allergies | ||
| Stomach Sensitivity | Low | Medium |
| Food Allergies | Grains |
Health Maintenance
| Care Item | Jack Russell Terrier | Newfoundland |
|---|---|---|
| Nail Growth Rate | Fast | Normal |
| Eye Care Needs | High | Low |
| Anal Gland Issues | Rare | Occasional |
Senior Care & Aging
Jack Russell Terrier Senior Care
Common Senior Issues
- Deafness (especially linked to white pigmentation)
- Vision loss (cataracts, PLL complications)
- Arthritis from lifetime of high-impact activity
Slowing down at 10+ but mental sharpness often remains. One of the longest-lived breeds - 12.7 year average with many reaching 16+.
Newfoundland Senior Care
Common Senior Issues
- Hind-end weakness (mobility issues)
- Heart disease
- Arthritis
Decline can be rapid. Be prepared to assist a 150lb dog who cannot stand up - harnesses and ramps become daily tools. Quality of life decisions are complex due to physical impossibility of managing an immobile giant dog.
Grooming & Care
Jack Russell Terrier
high maintenanceNewfoundland
high maintenanceLifestyle Compatibility
Jack Russell Terrier Daily Life
Newfoundland Daily Life
Housing & Legal Restrictions
| Restriction | Jack Russell Terrier | Newfoundland |
|---|---|---|
| BSL Restricted | ||
| Common Rental Ban | ||
| Insurance Blacklist | ||
| Weight Category | Under 25lbs | Over 50lbs |
Climate Tolerance
| Climate | Jack Russell Terrier | Newfoundland |
|---|---|---|
| Heat Tolerance | ||
| Cold Tolerance | ||
| Water Affinity | Medium | Very High |
Travel Compatibility
| Activity | Jack Russell Terrier | Newfoundland |
|---|---|---|
| Car Travel | Good | Good |
| Camping | ||
| Beach Friendly | ||
| Hiking Rating | ||
| Cabin Flight Eligible | ||
| Hotel Friendly Size |
Niche Suitability
| Role | Jack Russell Terrier | Newfoundland |
|---|---|---|
| Service Dog | Low | Medium |
| Therapy Dog | Low | High |
| Deep Pressure Therapy | ||
| Canicross / Bikejoring | ||
| Apartment Adaptable | ||
| Tactile / Sensory Friendly | ||
| Livestock Guardian | ||
| Medical Alert | Low | Low |
Costs & Expenses
Upfront Costs
| Cost | Jack Russell Terrier | Newfoundland |
|---|---|---|
| Purchase Price | $800-2,500 | $2,000-5,000 |
| Initial Cost Range | $800–$2,500 | $2,000–$5,000 |
| Cost Tier |
Ongoing Costs
| Cost | Jack Russell Terrier | Newfoundland |
|---|---|---|
| Monthly Range | $80–$150 | $250–$500 |
| Yearly Range | $960–$1,800 | $3,000–$6,000 |
| Food / Month | $30-50 | $100-150 |
| Insurance / Month | $30-50 | $100-250 |
| Grooming / Session | $40-60 | $100-150 |
| Vet Routine / Year | $500-800 | $800-1,500 |
| Monthly Cost Tier |
Jack Russell Terrier Lifetime Cost
$15,000-25,000
Newfoundland Lifetime Cost
$30,000-60,000
Quirks & Fun Facts
Daily Quirks
| Quirk | Jack Russell Terrier | Newfoundland |
|---|---|---|
| Snoring | ||
| Flatulence | Rare | Occasional |
| Slobber Level | None | Heavy |
| Smell When Wet | Mild | Strong |
| Zoomies Frequency | Daily | Rare |
| Counter Surfing | ||
| Digging Tendency | High | Low |
Jack Russell Terrier Quirks
Excavation Expert
Will excavate gardens hunting for moles - provide a designated dig pit to save roses
Furniture Parkour
Daily zoomies often involve parkour off furniture, walls, and people
Excitement Trembling
Often trembles when excited or anticipating a hunt - not cold, just intense
Newfoundland Quirks
The Newfie Lean
Will lean their entire weight (up to 150lbs) against your legs to show affection - can knock you off balance
Ceiling Slobber
Slobber strings can reach ceilings, walls, and unsuspecting guests when they shake their heads. Non-negotiable.
Water Magnet
They will try to enter ANY body of water - mud puddles, decorative ponds, kiddie pools. Also submerge their muzzle when drinking, dripping water across kitchen floors.
Lap Dog Delusion
A 150lb dog who believes they should sit in your lap. They will try.
Frequently Asked Questions
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