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Maltese vs Old English Sheepdog

A side-by-side comparison to help you find the right breed for your lifestyle.

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Maltese breed photo

Maltese

Also known as: Maltese Lion Dog, Melita, Roman Ladies' Dog, Ye Ancient Dogge of Malta

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The Maltese is an ancient companion breed with a long, silky white coat. Known for its affectionate, devoted nature and low-shedding coat, this toy breed requires dedicated grooming but rewards owners with unwavering devotion. Originally bred for over 2,000 years solely for companionship, the Maltese thrives on human contact and struggles when left alone.

Size

Extra Small

Energy

Medium

Lifespan

12-15+ yrs

Height

21-25 cm

Weight

1.8-3.2 kg

VS
Old English Sheepdog breed photo

Old English Sheepdog

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The Old English Sheepdog is a large, shaggy herding breed known for its distinctive shaggy double coat and gentle, playful disposition. Originally bred in England for driving cattle and sheep, this affectionate and intelligent breed is also a beloved family companion.

Size

Extra Large

Energy

High

Lifespan

10-12 years yrs

Height

56+ cm cm

Quick Comparison

TraitMalteseOld English Sheepdog
Energy
Trainability
Grooming Needs
Family Friendly
Independence

Key Characteristics

Good with Kids
Good with Dogs
Good with Cats
Hypoallergenic
Apartment Friendly
First-Time Owner OK
DetailMalteseOld English Sheepdog
SizeExtra SmallExtra Large
Energy LevelMediumHigh
GroomingHighHigh
TrainabilityModeratechallenging
Barking LevelHighHigh
Shedding LevelLowLow
Chew strengthLightModerate
HousingApartmentYard

Owner Fit & Decision Guide

Owner Match

TraitMalteseOld English Sheepdog
Experience LevelBeginner (with grooming commitment)Experienced
First-Time Owner
Ideal OwnerRetirees, empty nesters, or remote workers who enjoy constant physical contact. Someone who wants a 'baby' rather than just a dog and has time for dedicated grooming.Active individual or family who can provide adequate exercise and training for a Old English Sheepdog.

Maltese Dealbreakers

  • Work away from home 8+ hours
  • Have toddlers (fragile breed - falling on Maltese can break bones)
  • Cannot commit to daily grooming and dental care
  • Noise-sensitive living situation

Old English Sheepdog Dealbreakers

  • Cannot meet 90-120 min daily exercise
  • Cannot commit to grooming needs

Surrender Risk

FactorMalteseOld English Sheepdog
Risk LevelMediumMedium
Primary ReasonsMoving/housing changes, Lack of time for grooming and companionship, Behavioral issues (barking, housebreaking failures)Underestimated exercise needs, Behavioral challenges, Cost of care

Temperament & Personality

Behavior Comparison

TraitMalteseOld English Sheepdog
Prey Drive
Watchdog Ability
Stranger Friendly
Drool Level
Wanderlust

Vocalization

TraitMalteseOld English Sheepdog
Barking LevelHighHigh
Howling Tendency
Whining TendencyHighLow
Separation Vocalization
Maltese bark triggers
Strangers/visitorsDelivery trucksUnusual soundsDoorbellNeighbors in hallway
Old English Sheepdog bark triggers
StrangersDoorbellsOther dogs

Safety & Reliability

TraitMalteseOld English Sheepdog
Escape Artist
Dog Park Suitable
Off-Leash Reliable
Small Animal Safe
Leash Reactivity
Resource Guarding RiskModerateLow

Maltese Social Traits

Velcro Dog
One Person Dog
Handling ToleranceMedium
Stranger Wariness

Moderate

With Other Dogs

Often doesn't realize small size - may challenge large dogs (Napoleon Complex)

Old English Sheepdog Social Traits

Velcro Dog
One Person Dog
Handling ToleranceMedium
Stranger Wariness

Moderate

With Other Dogs

Generally friendly

Training

Maltese

MethodPositive reinforcement only
Repetitions to Learn15-25
Challenges
House training - small bladder, sneaky accidentsOwners laughing at 'cute' bad behaviors reinforces problemsSensitivity to harsh corrections - will shut down or urinate from fear
Tips
  • Use treats and praise exclusively - harsh methods backfire
  • Don't laugh when puppy growls at slippers - set boundaries early
  • Consistency is key with housebreaking - frequent outings, crate training

Old English Sheepdog

MethodPositive reinforcement
Challenges
Requires consistent, patient training
Tips
  • Keep training sessions short and varied

Maltese Considerations

dealbreakerSevere Separation Anxiety

Bred for millennia solely for companionship, Maltese often panic when left alone. This manifests as destructive chewing, self-mutilation (licking paws raw), and relentless vocalization. Not suitable for 8-hour workdays without intervention.

dealbreakerExcessive Alert Barking

Despite their size, Maltese are vigilant watchdogs. They will announce every delivery truck, neighbor, and leaf. In apartments, this high-pitched, persistent barking can lead to noise complaints and eviction notices.

challengeHousebreaking Difficulty

The single most common frustration. Small bladders require frequent outings, and they can be sneaky about indoor accidents. Even adult Maltese may not be 100% reliable outside a crate or pen.

challengeSmall Dog Syndrome

Because they are fragile, owners often tolerate behaviors (growling, snapping, resource guarding) that would be unacceptable in larger dogs. This can create a dog that rules the household.

Old English Sheepdog Considerations

dealbreakerSevere Separation Anxiety

This is a "Velcro" breed in the truest sense. They were bred to work closely with shepherds and drovers, never straying far. In a modern home, this translates to a dog that may panic when left alone. Destructive chewing, howling, and house soiling are common symptoms of distress if isolation training is not started immediately in puppyhood.

challengeThe "Pot-Casse" Bark

The OES has a unique, ringing bark often described as "two pots clanging together." It is loud, deep, and can become a nuisance. They are alert watchdogs and will vocalize at delivery trucks, neighbors, and squirrels. This makes them poor candidates for apartments with noise restrictions.

challengeHerding Nipping

As a drover's dog, the OES controls movement. In a family setting, this often manifests as nipping at the heels of running children or "body checking" people to move them. While not aggressive, this behavior can be frightening for toddlers and annoying for guests.

challengeSame-Sex Aggression

While generally social, some OES lines—particularly males—can develop aggression toward other dogs of the same sex around social maturity (18-24 months). This requires vigilant management in multi-dog households.

Multi-Species Compatibility

SpeciesMalteseOld English Sheepdog
With CatsGenerally excellent - one of the most cat-compatible breedsGenerally safe with proper introduction
Small MammalsGenerally safe with supervision - not a terrier, low prey driveSupervision required
Birds / ReptilesUse caution - fluttering birds may trigger chase instinctCaution advised

Advanced Behavior

TraitMalteseOld English Sheepdog
Predatory Sequence RiskArrested/NoneMedium
BiddabilityHighLow
Noise SensitivityMediumLow
Territorial Barking
Same-Sex Aggression OnsetN/A18 months

Maltese: Kill instinct largely bred out - may chase but rarely grab or kill. Cooperative partners who want to please, but also prioritize comfort. Leash reactivity stems from feeling vulnerable at small size.

First Year & Life Stages

First Year Challenges

ChallengeMalteseOld English Sheepdog
Puppy Difficulty
Destructive Phase4-106-18
House TrainingHardModerate
Crate TrainingMediumMedium
Adolescent Regression

Maltese: Hypoglycemia risk in young puppies - monitor food intake vigilantly. Small bladder makes housebreaking a 4-6 month challenge minimum. Crate training essential but must be introduced gently.

Old English Sheepdog: Old English Sheepdog puppies require consistent training and patience.

Life Stages Timeline

StageMalteseOld English Sheepdog
Puppy Phase10 months12 months
Adolescence6-106-18
Adult Years1-82-8
Senior Onset~9 years~8 years
Peak Energy Age1-4 years1-3 years

Size & Physical Characteristics

Physical Stats

MeasurementMalteseOld English Sheepdog
Height21-25 cm56+ cm cm
WeightNot enough data yetNot enough data yet
Size CategoryExtra SmallExtra Large
Lifespan

N/A

10–12 years

Litter Size2-44-8

Maltese Coat

Type single
Length Long
Texture silky
Colors
WhiteWhite with lemon markingsWhite with tan markings

Old English Sheepdog Coat

Type double
Length Medium
Texture straight
Colors
Various

Lineage & Origin

DetailMalteseOld English Sheepdog
Original PurposeCompanionship for Roman matrons and royaltymassive, profuse coats that are nearly impossible for a pet owner to maintain without cutting
OriginMediterranean (Malta), referenced by Aristotle 384-322 BCpredators

Breeding Details

DetailMalteseOld English Sheepdog
C-Section Rate20-30%Varies
Whelping DifficultyMediumMedium
Puppy Mortality RateModerateLow

Physical Risks

RiskMalteseOld English Sheepdog
Bloat / GDV RiskLowLow
Slippery Floor RiskMediumLow
Min Fence Height0.6m1.5m
Dig / Escape RiskLowLow

Health & Common Conditions

Maltese Health Issues

Periodontal Disease80%
Mitral Valve Disease (MVD)28.4%
Patellar Luxation2.1-5.0%
Portosystemic Shunt (Liver Shunt)1.6%
Necrotizing Meningoencephalitis (NME)Rare but serious

Old English Sheepdog Health Issues

Hip Dysplasia18.5% prevalence
MDR1 Drug Sensitivity5-16% prevalence
Primary Ciliary DyskinesiaPCD
Hereditary Cataracts
Hypothyroidism

Maltese Suggested Tests

  • OFA Patella clearance
  • OFA Cardiac clearance
  • Serum Bile Acid test (liver shunt screening)

Old English Sheepdog Suggested Tests

  • OFA/PennHIP certificates (Hip Dysplasia)
  • DNA test for MDR1
  • DNA test for PCD
  • Annual CAER ophthalmologist exams (Hereditary Cataracts)
  • Thyroid panel (Hypothyroidism)

Health Risk Overview

Risk FactorMalteseOld English Sheepdog
Cancer RiskLowMedium
Cardiac RiskHighLow
Neurological RiskMediumLow
CCL/ACL Tear RiskLowLow
Vet Burden TierMediumMedium

Sensitivities & Allergies

SensitivityMalteseOld English Sheepdog
Skin Allergies
Environmental Allergies
Stomach SensitivityMediumLow
Food AllergiesChicken, Grains

Health Maintenance

Care ItemMalteseOld English Sheepdog
Nail Growth RateNormalNormal
Eye Care NeedsHighLow
Anal Gland IssuesOccasionalOccasional

Senior Care & Aging

Maltese Senior Care

Common Senior Issues

  • Dental disease escalation
  • Heart murmurs (MVD onset)
  • Cataracts/vision loss
  • Arthritis requiring furniture stairs
Mobility Aid LikelihoodMedium
QoL Decline Age~12 years
End of Life ComplexityMedium

Significant dental intervention often needed by age 9+. Heart murmurs common - regular cardiac monitoring essential.

Old English Sheepdog Senior Care

Common Senior Issues

  • Arthritis
  • Vision decline
  • Cognitive changes
Mobility Aid LikelihoodMedium
QoL Decline Age~10 years
End of Life ComplexityMedium

Senior care varies by individual health.

Grooming & Care

Maltese

high maintenance
Coat Typesingle
Coat Lengthlong
Coat Texturesilky
Shedding LevelLow
Seasonal SheddingLow
Ear Cleaningweekly
Dental RiskHigh
Obesity Prone
Winter Gear Needed
Summer Restrictions
Paw Protection
Odor LevelLow (if bathed regularly)
Tactile FeelSoft, silky, hair-like texture - very pleasant for tactile-sensitive individuals
Colors
WhiteWhite with lemon markingsWhite with tan markings

Old English Sheepdog

high maintenance
Coat Typedouble
Coat Lengthmedium
Coat Texturestraight
Shedding LevelLow
Seasonal SheddingLow
Ear Cleaningweekly
Dental RiskMedium
Obesity Prone
Winter Gear Needed
Summer Restrictions
Paw Protection
Odor LevelModerate
Tactile FeelVaries by coat type
Colors
Various

Lifestyle Compatibility

Maltese Daily Life

Exercise Needs45-60 min/day
Alone TimeUp to 4h
Mental StimulationHigh
ApartmentHigh suitability - no yard needed, but noise management essential
Work from HomeExcellent - the ultimate office mate, sleeping under desk or on lap
Weekend WarriorChallenging - struggles with inconsistent attention schedules
HousingApartment
Barking LevelHigh
First-Time Owner
Exercise Types
Sniffari walks (exploring at own pace)Indoor play sessionsTrick trainingPuzzle feeders
NighttimePrefers sleeping with owners in bed or crate nearby
Food MotivationMedium - can be picky eaters, may need rotating toppers

Old English Sheepdog Daily Life

Exercise Needs60-90 min/day
Alone TimeUp to 4h
Mental StimulationHigh
ApartmentChallenging - needs space
Work from HomeSuitable with adequate exercise
Weekend WarriorSuitable
HousingYard
Barking LevelHigh
First-Time Owner
Exercise Types
WalkingPlayTraining
NighttimeSleeps well when exercised
Food MotivationMedium

Housing & Legal Restrictions

RestrictionMalteseOld English Sheepdog
BSL Restricted
Common Rental Ban
Insurance Blacklist
Weight CategoryUnder 25lbsUnder 50lbs

Climate Tolerance

ClimateMalteseOld English Sheepdog
Heat Tolerance
Cold Tolerance
Water AffinityLowMedium

Travel Compatibility

ActivityMalteseOld English Sheepdog
Car TravelGoodGood
Camping
Beach Friendly
Hiking Rating
Cabin Flight Eligible
Hotel Friendly Size

Niche Suitability

RoleMalteseOld English Sheepdog
Service DogLowLow
Therapy DogHighLow
Deep Pressure Therapy
Canicross / Bikejoring
Apartment Adaptable
Tactile / Sensory Friendly
Livestock Guardian
Medical AlertLowLow

Costs & Expenses

Upfront Costs

CostMalteseOld English Sheepdog
Purchase Price$2,000-4,000N/A
Initial Cost Range$2,000–$4,000$1,000–$2,500
Cost Tier

Ongoing Costs

CostMalteseOld English Sheepdog
Monthly Range$100–$180$100–$180
Yearly Range$2,000–$2,500$1,200–$2,160
Food / Month$25-40$70-120
Insurance / Month$40-70N/A
Grooming / Session$50-100$100-150
Vet Routine / Year$400-800N/A
Monthly Cost Tier

Maltese Lifetime Cost

$25,000-40,000

Old English Sheepdog Lifetime Cost

N/A

Quirks & Fun Facts

Daily Quirks

QuirkMalteseOld English Sheepdog
Snoring
FlatulenceRareOccasional
Slobber LevelNoneLow
Smell When WetMildModerate
Zoomies FrequencyWeeklyOccasional
Counter Surfing
Digging TendencyNoneLow

Maltese Quirks

Reverse Sneezing

A common, alarming honking gasp sound caused by excitement or allergies. Usually harmless but terrifying for new owners.

Tear Staining

Rusty streaks under eyes caused by porphyrins in tears. Requires constant cosmetic management with daily wiping and filtered water.

Picky Eating

Master manipulators who may refuse food to hold out for something better. Don't give in or you'll create a monster.

Frequently Asked Questions

Yes, Maltese have hair (not fur) and shed very little, making them better for allergy sufferers. However, no dog is truly 100% hypoallergenic - dander and saliva can still trigger reactions.
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Compare with Other Breeds

Based on comprehensive breed research data.

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